Liddle & Kaeding first began when Robert Liddle and Charles van Buren Kaeding purchased the Bogart Brothers Sportsmen's Emporium in 1859. The firm was initially known as R. Liddle & Co., but became Liddle & Kaeding in 1866. They were the largest firearms dealers in the Bay Area in the 1870s and became Liddle & Co. in 1889 providing a rough date range for the date of manufacture of this rifle. The rifle has the classic lines and styling of an American plains or mountain percussion rifle. It has Liege proofmarks on the barrel. It is possible only the barrel was imported. It is numbered to the gun and is equipped with a knife blade front sight and spirit level in the rear dovetail and is marked "LIDDLE & KAEDEING SAN FRANCISCO CAL" and "45/70" on top behind the level. A long range Vernier peep sight is fitted on the upper tang. The rifle design is similar to a number of American designs, including both the Powell & Son and Barber & Lefever breechloaders. Like a traditional muzzle loader, it has a back action lock, ramrod and ferrules (second ramrod section absent), an octagon barrel turned down at the muzzle for a starter, and a traditional checkered straight wrist stock with rifle buttplate, toe plate, extended trigger guard with curled tail on the grip extension, and a plain silver initial plate on the left side. Some of the parts have "37" which is presumably an assembly number.

Very fine with 90% refinished blue finish, 75% original case colors, some silvered patches, minor edge wear and scratches, minor oxidation primarily on the peep sight, and crisp checkering and markings. Mechanically excellent. This is a very attractive late 19th match rifle that nicely bridges the gap between traditional muzzle loading rifles and the breech loading rifles that were just starting to gain traction at that time among serious long range target shooters.