The barrel is marked "A. LEONARD/CAST STEEL/S.R. V.t." indicating this rifle was built by Artemas Leonard of Saxton's River, Vermont, c. 1840-1859. Some of his rifles have been attributed to Union sharpshooters. It has a "WARREN/& STEELE/ALBANY" back action lock like multiple other known Leonard rifles. The barrel, lock, and German silver furniture have scroll engraving. The barrel is equipped with a globe front sight, and a peep sight is threaded into the upper tang. There are silver accents as part of an old repair in the wrist. The latter is checkered, and there is a cheek rest on the left side of the stock. The muzzle has four holes for use with a false muzzle. It is not designed to carry a ramrod.

Fine with 60% thin original finish mixed with smooth brown patina long the barrel, light case colors on the lock, spots of minor surface oxidation, attractive aged patina on the German silver furniture, dark aged patina on the silver on the wrist, and rather light overall wear. The reoiled stock is very good and has minor wear in the otherwise crisp checkering, a faint repaired crack in the wrist (appears period as noted above), small crack at the toe, the common tension cracks at the breech, and a few minor dings and scratches. Mechanically excellent. Overall, a very attractive antebellum target rifle from the northeast.