James Alexander Adair is listed in the 1868 Sacramento City and County Directory as the gunsmith at Andrew Flohr's gun and lock shop from 1860- October 1861 and 1864 to around 1871. Adair served in Company D of the 5th Regiment of California Infantry during the Civil War and served part of his enlistment as a company armorer. Flohr was born in German and settled in Sacramento in 1851 after previously living in Missouri. (The rifle exhibits Hawken and Dimick characteristics such as the reverse taper barrel tang to name a few). Lawrence P. Shelton wrote in "California Gunsmiths, 1846-1900" that "his target rifles were very popular with the target shooting clubs around Sacramento." He also operated a shooting gallery. Very similar rifles are pictured in that book on page 98 and 99. It has barrel cut for a false muzzle, an adjustable globe front sight, a second front sight dovetail with a filler block, a band with a swivel, "A. FLOHR J. A. ADAIR SAC CITY" on the upper left barrel flat, a peep sight with larger aperture disk and tube extension, round knob palm rest, double set triggers, trigger guard with grip extension, a second sling swivel on the bottom of the butt, and a smooth walnut stock with a shadow line cheek rest, silver inlays, and pewter forend cap. The trigger guard has two taps for the palm rest.

Very good plus. The barrel has an even crisp brown patina and some light spotting. The lock has a gray patina towards the rear and a brown patina on the front and the hammer. The silver hand pewter have a dark, aged patina. The other components have primarily a brown patina. The stock is fine with much of the original varnish and has a slightly separated horizontal crack visible on the upper edge of the forend on the right, sharp edges, scrapes along the bottom of the forend, and various small pressure marks. The lock and set triggers function fine and the markings are clear.