Manufactured c. 1861-1865. Cartouche in left side of the stock by the wrist. Per Flayderman's Guide to Antique American Firearms "Among the Union cavalry regiments issued the Smith were the 3rd W.Va., 7th, 11th Ill., 1st Conn., 7th, 17th, Penna., 6th, 9th Ohio, and 1st Mass."