Approximately 8,000 of the Improved Second Model/Model 1864 carbines were purchased by the U.S. Government on contract with the Joslyn Fire Arms Company, and another 4,500 are estimated to have been sold on the open market. They were widely used by the Union cavalry. This example is marked with "F.D.L." on the left side of the barrel and has the three-line Joslyn address on the lock. The serial numbers on the barrel and tang match. The front sight is a "pinched" blade, and the rear sight has three leaves. The buttplate is stamped "US" on the tang, and the stock has faint cartouches.