This is one of less than 300 total First Model Burnside carbines manufactured by Bristol Firearms Co. circa 1857-58. A reported 200 First Models were purchased by the U.S. government, with most issued to the 1st U.S. Cavalry at ft. Leavenworth, Kansas in January 1858 and carried on various expeditions. This example is marked with two faint boxed script inspection cartouches on the left of the wrist, sub-inspector initials "ADK" (Andrew D. King) on the left of the barrel at the breech, and two "K" sub-inspector marks on top of the breech on the barrel and frame. A tape primer device located inside the frame is actuated by a breechblock release lever mounted on the right side of the frame; unique to the First Model Burnside carbines, with subsequent models absent both the primer system and this style of lever. According to "The Burnside Breech Loading Carbines" by Edward A. Hull pg. 15-17, "...on April 21, 1856, Col. Craig [Chief of Ordnance] ordered 200 carbines of Burnside for field trials...By the terms of this first Army order for carbines [Ambrose] Burnside was to provide carbines of .54 caliber having a barrel 22 inches long and weighing less than seven pounds overall. The carbines were required to have a swivel bar with ring for cavalry use. In a change to the design, Col. Craig required that the carbine be configured to use Maynard's tape primer…This requirement presented Burnside and Foster [Burnside's partner and head gunsmith] with the problem of developing a primer feed mechanism which would work reliably, could be readily manufactured and avoided infringing on Dr. Maynard's lock patent (to avoid paying royalties)." Like the second model after it, it correctly lacks a forend. Blade front and flip up ladder rear sight. Matching numbers are on the frame, breechblock, and underside of the barrel. The stock is fitted with a brass trapdoor buttplate. "GDM" (George D. Moller) collection initials marked at the toe of the stock. Includes wood tampion. Provenance: The George Moller Collection