12,501 of these rifles are estimated to have been manufactured by Remington during the Civil War for the Union. Government records listed them as "Harpers Ferry Pattern" rifles, and they have similarities to both the Model 1841 and Model 1855 rifles that were manufactured at Harpers Ferry prior to the Civil War but are a unique pattern. The Model 1863 "Zouave" nickname is of unclear origins, and whether or not any of these rifles saw use in the war remains unclear and debated. This is a standard "1863" dated example. The stock flat has two script letter cartouches. Provenance: The Milan J. Turk Collection