1) 17th/18th century broad Axe, 35 inches overall, with a 5 inch long, 10 inch wide axe head, beveled on the left, and a smooth hardwood shaft, 29 inches long with a steel end cap. 2) Francisca-style 17th/18th century axe, 24 3/4 inches overall, with a 4 1/2 inch long, 5 1/2 inch wide head, stamped "12" on the beveled right side, and a 21 1/4 inch smooth hardwood shaft. 3) European axe, 29 1/2 inches overall, with an 11 1/8 inch wide, 3 1/4 inch blade, a flat back to the head, and a smooth, 24 1/4 inch hardwood shaft. A probable maker's mark of "MK" is on right side of the blade. Provenance: The William Ashby Collection

1) Fine. Some deep cracks and heavy pitting visible on the blade, and dents on the shaft. 2) Fair, with pitting and cracks on the head, and light dents on the shaft. 3) Fair as repaired, with a number of cracks on the metal, a reground edge, and filler material applied to the wood on and around the head.